Pranayama

Pranayama (pronounced pra-nah-YAH-mah) is the fourth of the eight limbs of yoga, following the ethical disciplines (yamas and niyamas) and the physical postures (asanas). It is a Sanskrit term that combines two words:

• Prana: This is the life force or vital energy that is believed to exist within all living beings. It is the breath, but also something more subtle—the energy that governs all physical and mental functions.
• Ayama: This means to “extend,” “expand,” “regulate,” or “restrain.”

Therefore, Pranayama is often translated as “the extension or control of the life force.” More simply, it is the practice of conscious and intentional breathing exercises to regulate the flow of prana in the body.

While breathing is an automatic process, Pranayama involves using specific techniques to control the rhythm, duration, and volume of the breath. These techniques are designed to:

• Purify the body: By regulating the breath, Pranayama is believed to cleanse the energy channels (nadis) within the body.
• Calm the mind: Focusing on the breath is a powerful way to quiet the constant stream of thoughts and bring a sense of inner peace.
• Increase vital energy: Specific breathing exercises can be used to either energize or calm the nervous system, affecting the practitioner’s overall state of being.
• Prepare for meditation: By calming the mind and body, Pranayama makes it easier to sit still and focus for meditation practices.